CHOP also known as GADD153, DDIT3 is a member of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family of transcription factors. CHOP is essential for dimerization with other C/EBP family members and for binding to specific DNA sequences to regulate gene expression. The structural integrity of the bZIP domain determines CHOP′s ability to form homodimers or heterodimers, thereby influencing regulatory functions in response to cellular stressors disturbances. This structural feature allows CHOP to undergo conformational changes that enable interaction with nonclassical DNA binding sites, effectively altering the transcriptional landscape to induce cell cycle arrest at the G1 to S phase transition and promote apoptotic pathways.