S100A8 also known as Calgranulin A, MRP8 is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100A8 plays a crucial role in the immune response, particularly in inflammation and tissue repair. S100A8 is primarily expressed in macrophages and epithelial cells, where S100A8 is involved in the regulation of calcium homeostasis and the modulation of cellular activities during inflammatory processes. S100A8 presence in these cells is significant as S100A8 not only serves as a marker for inflammatory conditions but also participates in the recruitment and activation of immune cells, thereby influencing the overall immune response. Additionally, S100A8 has been implicated in various pathological conditions, including cancer and autoimmune diseases, making S100A8 a valuable target for research and therapeutic applications.