cIAP1 also known as RNF48, BIRC2 is a member of a family of proteins that inhibits apoptosis by binding to tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors TRAF1 and TRAF2, probably by interfering with activation of ICE-like proteases. cIAP1 plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis, which is the process of programmed cell death essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and immune responses. By inhibiting apoptosis, cIAP1 helps prevent premature cell death, particularly during inflammation and infection, allowing survival of immune cells necessary for an effective immune response. This function is particularly important in cancer, where apoptosis evasion can contribute to tumor growth and therapy resistance.