PEDF also known as SERPINF1 is a member of the serpin family that does not display the serine protease inhibitory activity shown by many of the other serpin proteins. PEDF plays a crucial role in neuroprotection and differentiation, making PEDF vital for maintaining retinal health. PEDF inhibits angiogenesis and cell proliferation, which is particularly important in ocular diseases where abnormal blood vessel growth can lead to vision loss. Strategic localization of PEDF within the interphotoreceptor matrix allows effective influence on the underlying neural retina, thereby enhancing neuroprotective effects. PEDF induces neuronal differentiation and promotes central nervous system neuron survival, protecting against degeneration caused by serum withdrawal or glutamate toxicity, highlighting potential therapeutic implications in neurodegenerative conditions.