P22301

IL-10(Interleukin-10) is a 178 amino acid protein primarily secreted by TH2 clones and plays a crucial role in immune regulation. One of its key functions is the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production by TH1 cells, which is vital for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing excessive inflammatory responses that can lead to tissue damage. Additionally, IL-10 inhibits the activation of macrophages and B lymphocytes by downregulating CD25, the IL-2 receptor, thereby modulating the immune response. The importance of IL-10 in immune regulation is underscored by elevated expression in various pathological conditions, including HIV-1 infection, where IL-10 has been implicated in disease progression. Human and murine IL-10 share significant sequence identity, with 81% similarity at the amino acid level, and both forms exist as non-covalently linked homodimers in solution, exerting biological effects through the IL-10 receptor, a glycoprotein that can be induced in macrop